Goyette-Desjardins G, Auger J-P, Xu J, Segura M, Gottschalk M (2014) Streptococcus suis, an important pig pathogen and emerging zoonotic agent—an update on the worldwide distribution based on serotyping and sequence typing. Emerg Microbes Infect 3:1–20
Article
Google Scholar
Gottschalk M, Segura M (2019) Streptococcosis. In: Diseases of swine, vol 12. Wiley, pp 934–950
Seitz M, Valentin-Weigand P, Willenborg J (2016) Use of antibiotics and antimicrobial resistance in veterinary medicine as exemplified by the swine pathogen Streptococcus suis. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 398:103–121
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Segura M, Aragon V, Brockmeier SL, Gebhart C, de Greeff A, Kerdsin A, O’Dea MA, Okura M, Saléry M, Schultsz C, Valentin-Weigand P, Weinert LA, Wells JM, Gottschalk M (2020) Update on Streptococcus suis research and prevention in the era of antimicrobial restriction: 4th International Workshop on S. suis. Pathogens 9:374
Article
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Gottschalk M, Xu J, Calzas C, Segura M (2010) Streptococcus suis: a new emerging or an old neglected zoonotic pathogen? Future Microbiol 5:371–391
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Wertheim HFL, Nghia HDT, Taylor W, Schultsz C (2009) Streptococcus suis: an emerging human pathogen. Clin Infect Dis 48:617–625
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Segura M, Fittipaldi N, Calzas C, Gottschalk M (2017) Critical Streptococcus suis Virulence factors: are they all really critical? Trends Microbiol 25:585–599
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Okura M, Osaki M, Nomoto R, Arai S, Osawa R, Sekizaki T, Takamatsu D (2016) Current taxonomical situation of Streptococcus suis. Pathogens 5:45
Article
CAS
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Tohya M, Sekizaki T, Miyoshi-Akiyama T (2018) Complete genome sequence of Streptococcus ruminantium sp. nov. GUT-187T (=DSM 104980T =JCM 31869T), the type strain of S. ruminantium, and comparison with genome sequences of Streptococcus suis strains. Genome Biol Evol 10:1180–1184
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Estrada AA, Gottschalk M, Rossow S, Rendahl A, Gebhart C, Marthaler DG (2019) Serotype and genotype (Multilocus Sequence Type) of Streptococcus suis isolates from the United States serve as predictors of athotype. J Clin Microbiol 57:e00377-e419
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Gottschalk M, Lacouture, (2015) Canada: Distribution of Streptococcus suis (from 2012 to 2014) and Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (from 2011 to 2014) serotypes isolated from diseased pigs. Can Vet J 56:1093–1094
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Auger J-P, Fittipaldi N, Benoit-Biancamano M-O, Segura M, Gottschalk M (2016) Virulence studies of different sequence types and geographical origins of Streptococcus suis serotype 2 in a mouse model of infection. Pathogens 5:48
Article
PubMed Central
CAS
Google Scholar
O’Sullivan T, Friendship R, Blackwell T, Pearl D, McEwen B, Carman S, Slavić D, Dewey C (2011) Microbiological identification and analysis of swine tonsils collected from carcasses at slaughter. Can J Vet Res 75:106–111
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Baele M, Chiers K, Devriese LA, Smith H, Wisselink H, Vaneechoutte M, Haesebrouck F (2001) The Gram-positive tonsillar and nasal flora of piglets before and after weaning. J Appl Microbiol 91:997–1003
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Vötsch D, Willenborg M, Weldearegay YB, Valentin-Weigand P (2018) Streptococcus suis – the “two faces” of a pathobiont in the porcine respiratory tract. Front Microbiol 9:480
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Segura M, Calzas C, Grenier D, Gottschalk M (2016) Initial steps of the pathogenesis of the infection caused by Streptococcus suis: fighting against nonspecific defenses. FEBS Lett 590:3772–3799
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Saade G, Deblanc C, Bougon J, Marois-Créhan C, Fablet C, Auray G, Belloc C, Leblanc-Maridor M, Gagnon CA, Zhu J, Gottschalk M, Summerfield A, Simon G, Bertho N, Meurens F (2020) Co-infections and their molecular consequences in the porcine respiratory tract. Vet Res 51:80
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Goyette-Desjardins G, Calzas C, Shiao TC, Neubauer A, Kempker J, Roy R, Gottschalk M, Segura M (2016) Protection against Streptococcus suis serotype 2 infection using a capsular polysaccharide glycoconjugated vaccine. Infect Immun 84:2059–2075
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Berthelot-Hérault F, Gottschalk M, Morvan H, Kobisch M (2005) Dilemma of virulence of Streptococcus suis: Canadian isolate 89–1591 characterized as a virulent strain using a standardized experimental model in pigs. Can J Vet Res 69:236–240
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Li J, Wang J, Liu Y, Yang J, Guo L, Ren S, Chen Z, Liu Z, Zhang Y, Qiu W, Li Y, Zhang S, Yu J, Wu J (2019) Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus NADC30-like strain accelerates Streptococcus suis serotype 2 infection in vivo and in vitro. Transbound Emerg Dis 66:729–742
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Wang Q, Zhou H, Hao Q, Li M, Liu J, Fan H (2020) Co-infection with porcine circovirus type 2 and Streptococcus suis serotype 2 enhances pathogenicity by dysregulation of the immune responses in piglets. Vet Microbiol 243:108653
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Cloutier G, D’Allaire S, Martinez G, Surprenant C, Lacouture S, Gottschalk M (2003) Epidemiology of Streptococcus suis serotype 5 infection in a pig herd with and without clinical disease. Vet Microbiol 97:135–151
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Beineke A, Bennecke K, Neis C, Schröder C, Waldmann K-H, Baumgärtner W, Valentin-Weigand P, Baums CG (2008) Comparative evaluation of virulence and pathology of Streptococcus suis serotypes 2 and 9 in experimentally infected growers. Vet Microbiol 128:423–430
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Zheng H, Du P, Qiu X, Kerdsin A, Roy D, Bai X, Xu J, Vela AI, Gottschalk M (2018) Genomic comparisons of Streptococcus suis serotype 9 strains recovered from diseased pigs in Spain and Canada. Vet Res 49:1
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
CAS
Google Scholar
Corsaut L, Misener M, Canning P, Beauchamp G, Gottschalk M, Segura, (2020) Field study on the immunological response and protective effect of a licensed autogenous vaccine to control Streptococcus suis infections in post-weaned Piglets. Vaccines 8:384
Article
CAS
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Rieckmann K, Pendzialek S-M, Vahlenkamp T, Baums CG (2020) A critical review speculating on the protective efficacies of autogenous Streptococcus suis bacterins as used in Europe. Porc Health Manag 6:12
Article
Google Scholar
Ferrando ML, Schultsz C (2016) A hypothetical model of host-pathogen interaction of Streptococcus suis in the gastro-intestinal tract. Gut Microbes 7:154–162
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Berthelot-Hérault F, Gottschalk M, Labbé A, Cariolet R, Kobisch M (2001) Experimental airborne transmission of Streptococcus suis capsular type 2 in pigs. Vet Microbiol 82:69–80
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Erickson ED, Doster AR, Pokorny TS (1984) Isolation of Streptococcus suis from swine in Nebraska. Am Vet Med Assoc 185:666–668
CAS
Google Scholar
Vasconcelos D, Middleton DM, Chirino-Trejo JM (1994) Lesions caused by natural infection with Streptococcus suis type 9 in weaned pigs. J Vet Diagn Investig 6:335–341
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Reams RY, Glickman LT, Harrington DD, Thacker HL, Bowersock TL (1994) Streptococcus suis infection in swine: a retrospective study of 256 cases. Part II. Clinical signs, gross and microscopic lesions, and coexisting microorganisms. J Vet Diagn Investig 6:326–334
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Fablet C, Marois C, Dorenlor V, Eono F, Eveno E, Jolly JP, Le Devendec L, Kobisch M, Madec F, Rose N (2012) Bacterial pathogens associated with lung lesions in slaughter pigs from 125 herds. Res Vet Sci 93:627–630
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Pallarés FJ, Halbur PG, Schmitt CS, Roth JA, Opriessnig T, Thomas PJ, Kinyon JM, Murphy D, Frank DE, Hoffman LJ (2003) Comparison of experimental models for Streptococcus suis infection of conventional pigs. Can J Vet Res 67:225–228
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Brockmeier SL, Loving CL, Eberle KC, Hau SJ, Mou KT, Kehrli ME (2019) Administration of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) to pigs results in a longer mean survival time after exposure to Streptococcus suis. Vet Microbiol 231:116–119
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Wileman TM, Weinert LA, Howell KJ, Wang J, Peters SE, Williamson SM, Wells JM, Langford PR, Rycroft AN, Wren BW, Maskell DJ, Tucker AW (2019) Pathotyping the zoonotic pathogen Streptococcus suis: novel genetic markers to differentiate invasive disease-associated isolates from non-disease-associated isolates from England and Wales. J Clin Microbiol 57:e01712-e1718
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Ruggeri J, Salogni C, Giovannini S, Vitale N, Boniotti MB, Corradi A, Pozzi P, Pasquali P, Alborali GL (2020) Association between infectious agents and lesions in post-weaned piglets and fattening heavy pigs with porcine respiratory disease complex (PRDC). Front Vet Sci 7:636
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Montaner-Tarbes S, del Portillo HA, Montoya M, Fraile L (2019) Key gaps in the knowledge of the porcine respiratory reproductive syndrome virus (PRRSV). Front Vet Sci 6:38
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Meng XJ, Paul PS, Halbur PG, Lum MA (1995) Phylogenetic analyses of the putative M (ORF 6) and N (ORF 7) genes of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV): implication for the existence of two genotypes of PRRSV in the U.S.A. and Europe. Arch Virol 140:745–755
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
van Geelen A, Anderson TK, Lager KM, Das PB, Otis NJ, Montiel NA, Miller LC, Kulshreshtha V, Buckley AC, Brockmeier SL, Zhang J, Gauger PC, Harmon KM, Faaberg KS (2018) Porcine reproductive and respiratory disease virus: Evolution and recombination yields distinct ORF5 RFLP 1-7-4 viruses with individual pathogenicity. Virology 513:168–179
Article
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Zhou Y-J, Hao X-F, Tian Z-J, Tong G-Z, Yoo D, An T-Q, Zhou T, Li GX, Qiu HJ, Wei TC, Yuan XF (2008) Highly virulent porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus emerged in China. Transbound Emerg Dis 55:152–164
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Salguero FJ, Frossard J-P, Rebel JMJ, Stadejek T, Morgan SB, Graham SP, Steinbach F (2015) Host-pathogen interactions during porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus 1 infection of piglets. Virus Res 202:135–143
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Opriessnig T, Giménez-Lirola LG, Halbur PG (2011) Polymicrobial respiratory disease in pigs. Anim Health Res Rev 12:133–148
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Gómez-Laguna J, Salguero FJ, Pallarés FJ, Carrasco L (2013) Immunopathogenesis of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome in the respiratory tract of pigs. Vet J 195:148–155
Article
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Holtkamp DJ, Polson DD, Torremorell M, Morrison B, Classen DM, Becton L, Henry S, Rodibaugh MT, Rowland RR, Snelson H, Straw B, Yeske P, Zimmerman J (2011) Terminology for classifying the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) status of swine herds. Tierarztl Prax Ausg G Grosstiere Nutztiere 39:101–112
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Spagnuolo-Weaver M, Walker IW, McNeilly F, Calvert V, Graham D, Burns K, Adair BM, Allan GM (1998) The reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for the diagnosis of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome: comparison with virus isolation and serology. Vet Microbiol 62:207–215
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Cheong Y, Oh C, Lee K, Cho K (2017) Survey of porcine respiratory disease complex-associated pathogens among commercial pig farms in Korea via oral fluid method. J Vet Sci 18:283–289
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Zha Y, Xie J, Chen Y, Wei C, Zhu W, Chen J, Qi H, Zhang L, Sun L, Zhang X, Zhou P, Cao Z, Qi W, Zhang M, Huang Z, Zhang G (2013) Microbiological identification and analysis of swine lungs collected from carcasses in swine farms, China. Indian J Microbiol 53:496–498
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Hoa NT, Chieu TTB, Do Dung S, Long NT, Hieu TQ, Luc NT, Nhuong PT, Huong VT, Trinh DT, Wertheim HF, Van Kinh N, Campbell JI, Farrar J, Chau NV, Baker S, Bryant JE (2013) Streptococcus suis and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome. Vietnam Emerg Infect Dis 19:331–333
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Huong VTL, Thanh LV, Phu VD, Trinh DT, Inui K, Tung N, Hoa NT, Bryant JE, Horby PW, Kinh NV, Wertheim HF (2016) Temporal and spatial association of Streptococcus suis infection in humans and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome outbreaks in pigs in northern Vietnam. Epidemiol Infect 144:35–44
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Smith HE, Damman M, van der Velde J, Wagenaar F, Wisselink HJ, Stockhofe-Zurwieden N, Smits MA (1999) Identification and characterization of the cps locus of Streptococcus suis serotype 2: the capsule protects against phagocytosis and is an important virulence factor. Infect Immun 67:1750–1756
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Wang G, Li L, Yu Y, Tu Y, Tong J, Zhang C, Liu Y, Li Y, Han Z, Jiang C, Wang S, Zhou EM, He X, Cai X (2016) Highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection and induction of apoptosis in bone marrow cells of infected piglets. J Gen Virol 97:1356–1361
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Feng W, Laster SM, Tompkins M, Brown T, Xu J-S, Altier C, Gomez W, Benfield D, McCaw MB (2001) In utero infection by porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus is sufficient to increase susceptibility of piglets to challenge by Streptococcus suis type II. J Virol 75:4889–4895
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Renukaradhya GJ, Alekseev K, Jung K, Fang Y, Saif LJ (2010) Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus-induced immunosuppression exacerbates the inflammatory response to porcine respiratory coronavirus in pigs. Viral Immunol 23:457–466
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Mathieu-Denoncourt A, Letendre C, Auger J-P, Segura M, Aragon V, Lacouture S, Gottschalk M (2018) Limited interactions between Streptococcus suis and Haemophilus parasuis in in vitro co-infection studies. Pathogens 7:7
Article
PubMed Central
CAS
Google Scholar
de Greeff A, Benga L, Wichgers Schreur PJ, Valentin-Weigand P, Rebel JMJ, Smith HE (2010) Involvement of NF-kappaB and MAP-kinases in the transcriptional response of alveolar macrophages to Streptococcus suis. Vet Microbiol 141:59–67
Article
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Auray G, Lachance C, Wang Y, Gagnon CA, Segura M, Gottschalk M (2016) Transcriptional analysis of PRRSV-infected porcine dendritic cell response to Streptococcus suis infection reveals up-regulation of inflammatory-related genes expression. PLoS One 11:e0156019
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
CAS
Google Scholar
Lachance C, Gottschalk M, Gerber PP, Lemire P, Xu J, Segura M (2013) Exacerbated type II interferon response drives hypervirulence and toxic shock by an emergent epidemic strain of Streptococcus suis. Infect Immun 81:1928–1939
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Thanawongnuwech R, Halbur PG, Thacker EL (2000) The role of pulmonary intravascular macrophages in porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection. Anim Health Res Rev 1:95–102
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Wang G, Yu Y, Cai X, Zhou E-M, Zimmerman JJ (2020) Effects of PRRSV infection on the porcine thymus. Trends Microbiol 28:212–223
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Wang S, Lyu C, Duan G, Meng F, Yang Y, He YuY, X, Wang Z, Gottschalk M, Li G, Cai X, Wang G, (2020) Streptococcus suis serotype 2 infection causes host immunomodulation through induction of thymic atrophy. Infect Immun 88:e00950-e1019
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Thanawongnuwech R, Brown GB, Halbur PG, Roth JA, Royer RL, Thacker BJ (2000) Pathogenesis of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus-induced increase in susceptibility to Streptococcus suis infection. Vet Pathol 37:143–152
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Cooper VL, Doster AR, Hesse RA, Harris NB (1995) Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome: NEB-1 PRRSV infection did not potentiate bacterial pathogens. J Vet Diagn Investig 7:313–320
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Galina L, Pijoan C, Sitjar M, Christianson WT, Rossow K, Collins JE (1994) Interaction between Streptococcus suis serotype 2 and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in specific pathogen-free piglets. Vet Rec 134:60–64
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Brockmeier SL, Loving CL, Palmer MV, Spear A, Nicholson TL, Faaberg KS, Lager KM (2017) Comparison of Asian porcine high fever disease isolates of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus to United States isolates for their ability to cause disease and secondary bacterial infection in swine. Vet Microbiol 203:6–17
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Xu M, Wang S, Li L, Lei L, Liu Y, Shi W, Wu J, Li L, Rong F, Xu M, Sun G, Xiang H, Cai X (2010) Secondary infection with Streptococcus suis serotype 7 increases the virulence of highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in pigs. Virol J 7:184
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
CAS
Google Scholar
Lunney JK, Fang Y, Ladinig A, Chen N, Li Y, Rowland B, Renukaradhya GJ (2016) Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV): pathogenesis and interaction with the immune System. Annu Rev Anim Biosci 4:129–154
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Sun Y-F, Jiang X, Zhang A, Ma J-F, Yu X-X, Li L-A, Yu H (2020) Early infection of Streptococcus suis serotype 2 increases the virulence of highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome MLV-like virus in pigs. Res Vet Sci 130:68–72
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Ma W (2020) Swine influenza virus: current status and challenge. Virus Res 288:198118
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Jung K, Ha Y, Chae C (2005) Pathogenesis of swine influenza virus subtype H1N2 infection in pigs. J Comp Pathol 132:179–184
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Choi YK, Goyal SM, Kang SW, Farnham MW, Joo HS (2002) Detection and subtyping of swine influenza H1N1, H1N2 and H3N2 viruses in clinical samples using two multiplex RT-PCR assays. J Virol Methods 102:53–59
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Janke BH (2014) Influenza A virus infections in swine: pathogenesis and diagnosis. Vet Pathol 51:410–426
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Alicino C, Iudici R, Alberti M, Durando P (2011) The dangerous synergism between influenza and Streptococcus pneumoniae and innovative perspectives of vaccine prevention. J Prev Med Hyg 52:102–106
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Palzer A, Ritzmann M, Wolf G, Heinritzi K (2008) Associations between pathogens in healthy pigs and pigs with pneumonia. Vet Rec 162:267–271
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Fablet C, Marois-Créhan C, Simon G, Grasland B, Jestin A, Kobisch M, Madec F, Rose N (2012) Infectious agents associated with respiratory diseases in 125 farrow-to-finish pig herds: a cross-sectional study. Vet Microbiol 157:152–163
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Baraldi TG, Cruz NRN, Pereira DA, Galdeano JVB, Gatto IRH, Silva AFD, Panzardi A, Linhares DCL, Mathias LA, de Oliveira LG (2019) Antibodies against Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and influenza virus and their relationships with risk factors, clinical signs and lung lesions in pig farms with one-site production systems in Brazil. Prev Vet Med 171:104748
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Lin X, Huang C, Shi J, Wang R, Sun X, Liu X, Zhao L, Jin M (2015) Investigation of pathogenesis of H1N1 influenza virus and swine Streptococcus suis serotype 2 co-infection in pigs by microarray analysis. PLoS One 10:e0124086
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
CAS
Google Scholar
Williamson SM, Tucker AW, McCrone IS, Bidewell CA, Brons N, Habernoll H, Essen SC, Brown IH; COSI, Wood JL (2012) Descriptive clinical and epidemiological characteristics of influenza A H1N1 2009 virus infections in pigs in England. Vet Rec 171:271
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Wang K, Lu C (2008) Streptococcus suis type 2 culture supernatant enhances the infection ability of the Swine influenza virus H3 subtype in MDCK cells. Berl Munch Tierarztl Wochenschr 121:198–202
PubMed
Google Scholar
Wang Y, Gagnon CA, Savard C, Music N, Srednik M, Segura M, Lachance C, Bellehumeur C, Gottschalk M (2013) Capsular sialic acid of Streptococcus suis serotype 2 binds to swine influenza virus and enhances bacterial interactions with virus-infected tracheal epithelial cells. Infect Immun 81:4498–4508
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Wu N-H, Meng F, Seitz M, Valentin-Weigand P, Herrler G (2015) Sialic acid-dependent interactions between influenza viruses and Streptococcus suis affect the infection of porcine tracheal cells. J Gen Virol 96:2557–2568
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Meng F, Wu NH, Nerlich A, Herrler G, Valentin-Weigand P, Seitz M (2015) Dynamic virus-bacterium interactions in a porcine precision-cut lung slice co-infection model: Swine influenza virus paves the way for Streptococcus suis infection in a two-step process. Infect Immun 83:2806–2815
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Meng F, Wu N-H, Seitz M, Herrler G, Valentin-Weigand P (2016) Efficient suilysin-mediated invasion and apoptosis in porcine respiratory epithelial cells after streptococcal infection under air-liquid interface conditions. Sci Rep 6:26748
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Meng F, Tong J, Vötsch D, Peng J-Y, Cai X, Willenborg M, Herrler G, Wu NH, Valentin-Weigand P (2019) Viral co-infection replaces effects of suilysin on Streptococcus suis adherence to and invasion of respiratory epithelial cells grown under air-liquid interface conditions. Infect Immun 87:e00350-e419
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Gu Y, Hsu AC-Y, Pang Z, Pan H, Zuo X, Wang G, Zheng J, Wang F (2019) Role of the innate cytokine storm induced by the influenza A virus. Viral Immunol 32:244–251
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Dang Y, Lachance C, Wang Y, Gagnon CA, Savard C, Segura M, Grenier D, Gottschalk M (2014) Transcriptional approach to study porcine tracheal epithelial cells individually or dually infected with swine influenza virus and Streptococcus suis. BMC Vet Res 10:86
Article
PubMed
CAS
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Siemens N, Oehmcke-Hecht S, Mettenleiter TC, Kreikemeyer B, Valentin-Weigand P, Hammerschmidt S (2017) Port d’entrée for respiratory infections - Does the influenza A virus pave the way for bacteria? Front Microbiol 8:2602
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Saikumar G, Das T (2019) Porcine Circovirus. Recent Adv Anim Virol 2:171–195
Article
Google Scholar
Guo Z, Ruan H, Qiao S, Deng R, Zhang G (2020) Co-infection status of porcine circoviruses (PCV2 and PCV3) and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) in pigs with watery diarrhea in Henan province, central China. Microb Pathog 142:104047
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Segalés J, Allan GM, Domingo M (2005) Porcine circovirus diseases. Anim Health Res Rev 6:119–142
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Opriessnig T, Meng X-J, Halbur PG (2007) Porcine circovirus type 2 associated disease: update on current terminology, clinical manifestations, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and intervention strategies. J Vet Diagn 19:591–615
Article
Google Scholar
Harding JC, Clark EG (1997) Recognizing and diagnosing postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS). J Swine Health Prod 5:201–203
Google Scholar
Harms PA (2002) Three cases of porcine respiratory disease complex associated with porcine circovirus type 2 infection. J Swine Health Prod 10:27–30
Google Scholar
Rosell C, Segalés J, Ramos-Vara JA, Folch JM, Rodríguez-Arrioja GM, Duran CO, Domingo M (2000) Identification of porcine circovirus in tissues of pigs with porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome. Vet Rec 146:40–43
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Jensen TK, Vigre H, Svensmark B, Bille-Hansen V (2006) Distinction between porcine circovirus type 2 enteritis and porcine proliferative enteropathy caused by Lawsonia intracellularis. J Comp Pathol 135:176–182
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Segalés J (2012) Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV-2) infections: clinical signs, pathology and laboratory diagnosis. Virus Res 164:10–19
Article
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Pallarés FJ, Halbur PG, Opriessnig T, Sorden SD, Villar D, Janke BH, Yaeger MJ, Larson DJ, Schwartz KJ, Yoon KJ, Hoffman LJ (2002) Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV-2) co-infections in US field cases of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS). J Vet Diagn Investig 14:515–519
Article
Google Scholar
Opriessnig T, Halbur PG (2012) Concurrent infections are important for expression of porcine circovirus associated disease. Virus Res 164:20–32
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Gagnon CA, Castillo JRE, Music N, Fontaine G, Harel J, Tremblay D (2008) Development and use of a multiplex Real-Time Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction assay for detection and differentiation of porcine circovirus-2 genotypes 2a and 2b in an epidemiological survey. J Vet Diagn Invest 20:545–548
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Wang Q, Zhou H, Lin H, Ma Z, Fan H (2020) Porcine circovirus type 2 exploits JNK-mediated disruption of tight junctions to facilitate Streptococcus suis translocation across the tracheal epithelium. Vet Res 51:31
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Wang Q, Zhou H, Fan H, Wang X (2020) Co-infection with PCV-2 and Streptococcus suis serotype 2 (SS2) enhances the survival of SS2 in swine tracheal epithelial cells by decreasing reactive oxygen species production. Infect Immun 88:e00537
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Pérez-Martín E, Rovira A, Calsamiglia M, Mankertz A, Rodríguez F, Segalés J (2007) A new method to identify cell types that support porcine circovirus type 2 replication in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded swine tissues. J Virol Methods 2146:86–95
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Wong G, Lu J, Zhang W, Gao GF (2019) Pseudorabies virus: a neglected zoonotic pathogen in humans? Emerg Microbes Infect 8:150–154
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Mettenleiter TC (2020) Aujeszky’s disease and the development of the marker/DIVA vaccination concept. Pathogens 9:563
Article
CAS
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Cheng Z, Kong Z, Liu P, Fu Z, Zhang J, Liu M, Shang Y (2020) Natural infection of a variant pseudorabies virus leads to bovine death in China. Transbound Emerg Dis 67:518–522
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Yang X, Guan H, Li C, Li Y, Wang S, Zhao X, Zhao Y, Liu Y (2019) Characteristics of human encephalitis caused by pseudorabies virus: A case series study. Int J Infect Dis 87:92–99
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Huang C, Hung J-J, Wu C-Y, Chien M-S (2014) Multiplex PCR for rapid detection of pseudorabies virus, porcine parvovirus and porcine circoviruses. Vet Microbiol 101:209–214
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Iglesias JG, Trujano M, Xu J (1992) Inoculation of pigs with Streptococcus suis type 2 alone or in combination with pseudorabies virus. Am J Vet Res 53:364–367
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Soman Pillai V, Krishna G, Valiya Veettil M (2020) Nipah virus: past outbreaks and future containment. Viruses 12:465
Article
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Chua KB, Bellini WJ, Rota PA, Harcourt BH, Tamin A, Lam SK, Ksiazek TG, Rollin PE, Zaki SR, Shieh W, Goldsmith CS, Gubler DJ, Roehrig JT, Eaton B, Gould AR, Olson J, Field H, Daniels P, Ling AE, Peters CJ, Anderson LJ, Mahy BW (2000) nipah virus: a recently emergent deadly paramyxovirus. Science 288:1432–1435
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Reynes J-M, Counor D, Ong S, Faure C, Seng V, Molia S, Walston J, Georges-Courbot MC, Deubel V, Sarthou JL (2005) Nipah virus in Lyle’s flying foxes, Cambodia. Emerg Infect Dis 11:1042–1047
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Halpin K, Hyatt AD, Fogarty R, Middleton D, Bingham J, Epstein JH, Rahman SA, Hughes T, Smith C, Field HE, Daszak P (2011) Pteropid bats are confirmed as the reservoir hosts of henipaviruses: a comprehensive experimental study of virus transmission. Am J Trop Med Hyg 85:946–951
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Kasloff SB, Leung A, Pickering BS, Smith G, Moffat E, Collignon B, Embury-Hyatt C, Kobasa D, Weingartl HM (2019) Pathogenicity of Nipah henipavirus Bangladesh in a swine host. Sci Rep 9:5230
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Weingartl HM, Albrecht RA, Lager KM, Babiuk S, Marszal P, Neufeld J, Embury-Hyatt C, Lekcharoensuk P, Tumpey TM, García-Sastre A, Richt JA (2009) Experimental infection of pigs with the human 1918 pandemic influenza virus. J Virol 83:4287–4296
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Middleton DJ, Westbury HA, Morrissy CJ, van der Heide BM, Russell GM, Braun MA, Westbury HA, Halpin K, Daniels PW (2002) Experimental Nipah virus infection in pigs and cats. J Comp Pathol 126:124–136
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Geisbert TW, Feldmann H, Broder CC (2012) Animal challenge models of Henipavirus infection and pathogenesis. Henipavirus 359:153–177
Article
CAS
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Berhane Y, Weingartl HM, Lopez J, Neufeld J, Czub S, Embury-Hyatt C, Goolia M, Copps J, Czub M (2008) Bacterial infections in pigs experimentally infected with Nipah virus. Transbound Emerg Dis 55:165–174
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Merialdi G, Dottori M, Bonilauri P, Luppi A, Gozio S, Pozzi P, Spaggiari B, Martelli P (2012) Survey of pleuritis and pulmonary lesions in pigs at abattoir with a focus on the extent of the condition and herd risk factors. Vet J 193:234–239
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Sassu EL, Bossé JT, Tobias TJ, Gottschalk M, Langford PR, Hennig-Pauka I (2018) Update on Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae—knowledge, gaps and challenges. Transbound Emerg Dis 65:72–90
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Wallgren P, Nörregård E, Molander B, Persson M, Ehlorsson C-J (2016) Serological patterns of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, Pasteurella multocida and Streptococcus suis in pig herds affected by pleuritis. Acta Vet Scand 58:71
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Touil F, Higgins R, Nadeau M (1988) Isolation of Streptococcus suis from diseased pigs in Canada. Vet Microbiol 17:171–177
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Higgins R, Gottschalk M, Mittal KR, Beaudoin M (1990) Streptococcus suis infection in swine. A sixteen-month study. Can J Vet Res 54:170–173
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Reams RY, Harrington DD, Glickman LT, Thacker HL, Bowersock TB (1995) Fibrinohemorrhagic pneumonia in pigs naturally infected with Streptococcus suis. J Vet Diagn 7:406–408
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Liu H, Zhao Z, Xi X, Xue Q, Long T, Xue Y (2017) Occurrence of Pasteurella multocida among pigs with respiratory disease in China between 2011 and 2015. Ir Vet J 70:2
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Kim K-S, Jung J-Y, Kim J-H, Kang S-C, Hwang E-K, Park B-K, Kim DY, Kim JH (2011) Epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary pneumocystosis and concurrent infections in pigs in Jeju Island, Korea. J Vet Sci 12:15–19
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Griffiths IB, Done SH, Hunt BW (1991) Pneumonia in a sow due to Streptococcus suis type II and Bordetella bronchiseptica. Vet Rec 128:354–355
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Zhao Z, Wang C, Xue Y, Tang X, Wu B, Cheng X, He Q, Chen H (2011) The occurrence of Bordetella bronchiseptica in pigs with clinical respiratory disease. Vet J 188:337–340
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Nathues H, Kubiak R, Tegeler R, grosse Beilage E (2010) Occurrence of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infections in suckling and nursery pigs in a region of high pig density. Vet Rec 166:194–198
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Hayakawa Y, Komae H, Ide H, Nakagawa H, Yoshida Y, Kamada M, Kataoka Y, Nakazawa M (1993) An occurrence of equine transport pneumonia caused by mixed infection with Pasteurella caballi, Streptococcus suis and Streptococcus zooepidemicus. J Vet Med Sci 55:455–456
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Buttenschøn J, Friis NF, Aalbaek B, Jensen TK, Iburg T, Mousing J (1997) Microbiology and pathology of fibrinous pericarditis in Danish slaughter pigs. Zentralbl Veterinarmed A 44:271–280
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Kang I, Kim D, Han K, Seo HW, Oh Y, Park C, Lee J, Gottschalk M, Chae C (2012) Optimized protocol for multiplex nested polymerase chain reaction to detect and differentiate Haemophilus parasuis, Streptococcus suis, and Mycoplasma hyorhinis in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues from pigs with polyserositis. Can J Vet Res 76:195–200
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Cai X, Chen H, Blackall PJ, Yin Z, Wang L, Liu Z, Jin M (2005) Serological characterization of Haemophilus parasuis isolates from China. Vet Microbiol 111:231–623
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
On SLW, Jensen TK, Bille-Hansen V, Jorsal SE, Vandamme P (2002) Prevalence and diversity of Arcobacter spp. isolated from the internal organs of spontaneous porcine abortions in Denmark. Vet Microbiol 85:159–167
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Johannson LM (2006) Meningitis and septicemia in a 7-week-old piglet caused by dual streptococcal infection. Can Vet J 47:796–798
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Costa-Hurtado M, Aragon V (2013) Advances in the quest for virulence factors of Haemophilus parasuis. Vet J 198:571–576
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Boerlin P, Poljak Z, Gallant J, Chalmers G, Nicholson V, Soltes GA, MacInnes JI (2013) Genetic diversity of Haemophilus parasuis from sick and healthy pigs. Vet Microbiol 167:459–467
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Wang Y, Gong S, Dong X, Li J, Grenier D, Yi L (2020) In vitro mixed biofilm of Streptococcus suis and Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae impacts antibiotic susceptibility and modulates virulence factor gene expression. Front Microbiol 11:00507
Article
Google Scholar
Vötsch D, Willenborg M, Baumgärtner W, Rohde M, Valentin-Weigand P (2021) Bordetella bronchiseptica promotes adherence, colonization, and cytotoxicity of Streptococcus suis in a porcine precision-cut lung slice mode. Virulence 12:84–95
Article
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Pan Z, Ma Y, Ma J, Dong W, Yao H (2017) Acute meningitis of piglets and mice caused by co-infected with Streptococcus suis and Aerococcus viridans. Microb Pathog 106:60–64
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Martín V, Vela AI, Gilbert M, Cebolla J, Goyache J, Domínguez L, Fernández-Garayzábal JF (2007) Characterization of Aerococcus viridans isolates from swine clinical specimens. J Clin Microbiol 45:3053–3057
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
CAS
Google Scholar
Rasmussen M (2013) Aerococci and aerococcal infections. J Infect 66:467–474
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Vecht U, Wisselink HJ, van Dijk JE, Smith HE (1992) Virulence of Streptococcus suis type 2 strains in newborn germfree pigs depends on phenotype. Infect Immun 60:550–556
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Wu Z, Wu C, Shao J, Zhu Z, Wang W, Zhang W, Tang M, Pei N, Fan H, Li J, Yao H, Gu H, Xu X, Lu C (2014) The Streptococcus suis transcriptional landscape reveals adaptation mechanisms in pig blood and cerebrospinal fluid. RNA 20:882–898
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Mair KH, Sedlak C, Käser T, Pasternak A, Levast B, Gerner W, Saalmüller A, Summerfield A, Gerdts V, Wilson HL, Meurens F (2014) The porcine innate immune system: an update. Dev Comp Immunol 45:321–343
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Rong J, Zhang W, Wang X, Fan H, Lu C, Yao H (2012) Identification of candidate susceptibility and resistance genes of mice infected with Streptococcus suis type 2. PLoS One 7:e32150
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Lechtenberg KF, Shryock TR, Moore G (1994) Characterization of an Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae seeder pig challenge-exposure model. Am J Vet Res 55:1703–1709
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Day DN, Sparks JW, Karriker LA, Stalder KJ, Wulf LW, Zhang J, Kinyon JM, Stock ML, Gehring R, Wang C, Ellingson J, Coetzee JF (2015) Impact of an experimental PRRSV and Streptococcus suis co-infection on the pharmacokinetics of ceftiofur hydrochloride after intramuscular injection in pigs. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 38:475–481
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar