Figure 5

Screening, dose–response curves and toxicity of antiviral compounds against LSDV using the traditional Chinese medicine monomer library. A Assay scheme: MDBK cells were treated with compounds and LSDV-ΔTK/EGFP (MOI = 1) and incubated for 72 h. The number of cells that stimulate green fluorescence is counted through a fluorescence microscope and calculated based on a reduction in the number of EGFP expression cells. B Screening of 100 traditional Chinese medicine for primary candidates that inhibit LSDV-ΔTK/EGFP infection. Each dot represents the percent influence achieved with each compound at a concentration of 10 μM, which was calculated compared to that of the DMSO-treated control group. C These compounds of exhibiting significant inhibitory effects were shown in the bar graph. D–I MDBK cells were treated with different concentrations of candidate compounds (100, 72, 36, 24, 12, 6, 3 and 1.5 μM) or (Anemoside B4, 500, 400, 300, 200, 100, 50, 25, 10, 3, 1 μM) and infected with LSDV-ΔTK/EGFP (MOI = 0.1). Data showed the ratio of inhibition in LSDV-ΔTK/EGFP-infected cells (blue) and the ratio of cell viability in uninfected cells (red). J–O MDBK cells were treated with different concentrations of candidate compounds (100,72, 36, 24, 12, 6, 3 and 1.5 μM) or (Anemoside B4, 500, 400, 300, 200, 100, 50, 25, 10, 3, 1 μM) and infected with LSDV-WT (MOI = 0.1) for 96 h. The culture supernatant and cell lysates were collected to determine virus titers by TCID₅₀. Data showed the ratio of inhibition in LSDV-WT-infected cells (blue).