Figure 4

Effect of eqIL-4/IL-13 and P. univalens, cyathostomin and S. vulgaris on the expression of MUC2 and DCLK1. Relative gene expression of A MUC2 and B DCLK1 transcripts in monolayers basolaterally primed with eqIL-4/IL-13 before apically exposed to infective stage P. univalens, cyathostomin or S. vulgaris larvae for 20 h. As controls, parallel cultures were either apically exposed to larvae alone, basolaterally exposed to cytokines alone, or kept untreated. The gene expression was normalized to the geometrical mean for the reference genes (GAPDH, HPRT and SDHA) and calibrated to that in the untreated controls. The results were generated from monolayers originating from two individual horses, each subjected to apical and/or/basolateral treatments in two separate experiments, giving a sample size of N = 4. C Orthogonal slices of maximum intensity projections on the X–Z plane (25 z-stacks with 0.66 um apart) of enteroid monolayers stained for DAPI (blue) and MUC2 (green). Representative images from two individual experiments. Scale bars = 50 µm. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 and ****P < 0.0001.