Figure 2

Identification of ASFV infected cells in the nasal explants. A Double IF staining for ASFV p72 (green) in combination with CD163 (red) was performed on the nasal septum (top) and the turbinate (bottom) explant at 72 hpi. Blue color presents the nuclei staining. The dotted yellow lines present a cluster of infection. The dotted white lines indicate the border between the mucosal epithelium (EP) and the lamina propria (LP). ASFV⁺CD163⁺ cells and ASFV⁺CD163⁻ cells are indicated with white arrows and yellow arrows, respectively. Scale bar: 50 μm. B Kinetic study of ASFV infection in the nasal explant. The total number of infected cells in a section from 0, 24, 48, and 72 hpi is presented in mm² area. Statistical significance was determined by two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparison post hoc test. Different letters represent significant differences (p < 0.05) between time points. All data are presented as mean value of three animals ± standard deviation (SD). C Percentage of ASFV infected cells by the areas in the nasal explants. In both nasal tissue types and genotypes, most infected cells were found in the lamina propria. EP: epithelium, LP: lamina propria, SM: submucosa.