Figure 2From: Potential applications of aptamers in veterinary scienceExamples of aptamer modifications. Chemical structures of modified aptamers. A XNA 2′-fluoro-ARN, B 2′-methoxy-ARN, C α-phosphorothioate, D unnatural bases P:Z and Ds:Px, E Spiegelmer as the mirror image of an aptamer made up of wild-type nucleic acids.Back to article page