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Table 2 Expression of AIV antigen in cell types of different organs of the respiratory and gastro-intestinal tracts

From: Enterotropism of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N8 from the 2016/2017 epidemic in some wild bird species

Species

No of birds

Number of birds expressing influenza virus antigen in a cell type of an organ

Respiratory tract

Gastro-intestinal tract

Lung

Air sac

Proventriculus

Small intestine

Large intestine

EP

E

N

EP

E

N

EP

E

N

EP

E

N

EP

E

N

Tufted duck

Aythya fuligula

7

1

4

0

0

1

0

1∞

2

2

1∞

4

1

0

4

0

Common pochard

Aythya farina

1

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

1

0

0

0

Great crested grebe

Podiceps cristatus

1

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Eurasian teal

Anas crecca

1

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Eurasian wigeon

Mareca Penelope

10

5

6

1

2

5

0

2∞

7

0

3∞*

8

1

1*

8

0

Mallard

Anas platyrhynchos

2

0

0

0

1

0

0

0

1

0

1

1

1

0

1

0

Duck

(unspecified species)

10

8

0

0

8

0

0

0

3

0

0

2

1

0

3

1

Greylag goose

Anser anser

1

0

0

0

0

1

0

1

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Great black backed gull

Larus marinus

1

0

1

0

1

1

0

0

0

0

0

1

0

0

1

0

Lesser black backed gull

Larus fuscus

1

1

0

0

1

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Black-headed gull

Chroicocephalus ridibundus

1

0

1

0

1

0

0

1

1

0

0

1

1

0

1

1

Eurasian buzzard

Buteo buteo

2

0

1

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Eurasian magpie

Pica pica

1

1

0

0

1

0

0

1

0

0

1

0

0

1

0

0

Total

39

16

13

1

15

8

0

6

14

2

6

17

6

2

18

2

  1. Ep epithelial cell, E endothelial cell, N neuron.
  2. ∞ One bird expressed influenza virus antigen in the epithelial cells of both proventriculus and small intestine.
  3. *One bird expressed influenza virus antigen in the epithelial cells of both small and large intestine.