Table 2 Vaccines available against economically important porcine viral infections
From: Nanoparticle-based vaccine development and evaluation against viral infections in pigs
Disease | Vaccines available | Improvements needed | References |
|---|---|---|---|
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) | Inactivated, modified-live virus | Rapid immune induction Heterologous protection No adverse impact on health | |
Swine influenza | Inactivated, modified-live virus | Broader protection No maternal antibody interference No vaccine-enhanced disease | |
Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) | RNA particle, inactivated and live-attenuated virus (in Asia) | Protective immune response in sows Better mucosal immunity | |
Foot and mouth disease (FMD) | Inactivated virus | Less stringent requirements in vaccine production Protection against multiple serotypes | [29] |
Classical swine fever (CSF) | Live-attenuated virus | DIVA potential | [30] |
Porcine circovirus associated disease (PCVAD) | Inactivated, recombinant subunit | Multi-genotype protection | |
Porcine parvovirus infection | Inactivated virus | Protection against novel strains | |
Pseudorabies | Inactivated, live-attenuated virus | Protection against novel emerging strains | |
African swine fever (ASF) | None | Novel cross-protective vaccine | [20] |