Figure 2
Salmonella-based influenza vaccines elicitate systemic IgG and mucosal IgA responses. Chickens (N = 12) were immunized with Sal-vector, Sal-HA, Sal-M2e, Sal-M2e-NA or Sal-HA-M2e-NA vaccine, and serum and intestinal wash samples were analysed for IgG and sIgA levels, respectively, by indirect ELISA. Serum IgG responses were measured at different time points post-vaccination while sIgA levels were measured at 28th day post-immunization. A HA-specific serum IgG responses, B NA-specific serum IgG responses, C M2e-specific serum IgG responses, D HA-specific sIgA responses, E NA-specific sIgA responses, and F M2e-specific sIgA responses. Each data points represent mean ± SD of five chickens per group. *p < 0.05. ns: non-significant.