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Figure 4 | Veterinary Research

Figure 4

From: Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus infection in chickens but not ducks is associated with elevated host immune and pro-inflammatory responses

Figure 4

Contrasting pro-inflammatory cytokine gene response between chicken and duck cells. In chicken cells at 24 h following infection with (A) LPAI H2N3, (C) H5N1-tyEng91 or (E) H5N1-tyTR05 viruses, mRNA expression levels of IL-6, IL-8 and LITAF were significantly up-regulated. In duck cells at 24 h following infection with (B) LPAI H2N3 (D) H5N1-tyEng91 or (F) H5N1-tyTR05 viruses, IL-6, IL-8 and LITAF mRNA levels were either significantly down-regulated or unchanged. Relative mRNA expression was determined by real-time PCR normalised to 18S rRNA. Data points are the mean of three biological replicates with error bars as standard deviation (*p < 0.05).

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Veterinary Research

ISSN: 1297-9716