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Table 2 Significant increases and decreases of cytokine expression between groups at different time-points.

From: Fasciola hepatica primoinfections and reinfections in sheep drive distinct Th1/Th2/Treg immune responses in liver and hepatic lymph node at early and late stages

  

Early stages

Late stage

  

4 dpi

8 dpi

16 dpi

100 dpi

Liver

PI vs UC

IFN-γ

↑ IL-4

↓ FoxP3

TNF-α; IL-10; TGF-β; IL-4; FoxP3

IL-1β; TNF-α;

IL-10; TGF-β; IL-4; FoxP3

IL-1β; TNF-α;

IL-4

RI vs UC

IL-1β; IFN-γ; TNF-α; IL-10; TGF-β; IL-4; FoxP3

IL-1β; IFN-γ; TNF-α; IL-10; TGF-β; IL-4; FoxP3

IL-1β; IFN-γ; TNF-α; IL-10; TGF-β; IL-4; FoxP3

IL-10; TGF-β; IL-4; FoxP3

↑ IL-1β

RI vs PI

IL-1β; IFN-γ; TNF-α; IL-10; TGF-β; IL-4; FoxP3

IL-1β; IFN-γ; TGF-β

↑ FoxP3

IFN-γ; IL-4

↑ TGF-β

IL-1β

IL-10; TGF-β

HLN

PI vs UC

IL-1β; TNF-α; FoxP3

↑IL-4

IFN-γ

IL-1β; TNF-α;

IL-4; FoxP3

↑ TGF-β

IL-10

↓ IFN-γ

IL-1β; IL-4; FoxP3

IFN-γ; IL-10; TGF-β

IL-4

IFN-γ; TNF-α;

IL-10; TGF-β; FoxP3

RI vs UC

IL-4

IFN-γ; TNF-α

IL-10; TGF-β

↓ FoxP3

IL-4

IFN-γ; IL-10; TGF-β

IL-1β; IL-4

IFN-γ; TNF-α; IL-10; TGF-β; FoxP3

IL-1β; TNF-α; TGF-β; FoxP3

IFN-γ

RI vs PI

IL-4

IFN-γ; TNF-α

IL-10; TGF-β; FoxP3;

IL-1β

IL -1β; IFN-γ; TNF-α; IL-10; TGF-β; FoxP3

IFN-γ; TNF-α; TGF-β; FoxP3

↑ IL-4

IL-1β; IFN-γ; TNF-α; IL-10; TGF-β; FoxP3

IL-4

  1. PI: primoinfected group, UC: uninfected group, RI: reinfected group.
  2. Expression upregulated (P < 0.01);
  3. ↑ Expression upregulated (P < 0.05);
  4. Expression downregulated (P < 0.01);
  5. ↓ Expression downregulated (P < 0.05).