Figure 3
From: Genotyping and biofilm formation of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and their association with virulence
Damage caused by M. hyopneumoniae infection to porcine tracheal epithelial cells. A Tracheal mucosa preparation. The cartilage (white arrow) was excised to reserve the inner tracheal mucosa (yellow arrow) for in vitro tracheal mucosa infection tests. B Scanning electron microscopy showing damage to porcine tracheal epithelial cilia. B Panel 1: negative control, with no damage. B Panel 2: Porcine tracheal epithelial cells after infection with strain 168 for 24 h. C Laser scanning confocal microscopy showing viability of tracheal epithelial cells on infection with different M. hyopneumoniae strains for 24 h. Dead cells emitted red fluorescence, while live cells emitted green fluorescence. The thickness of the vertical structure of cells was analyzed by the x-y-z axis scanning with confocal microscopy. Three-dimensional diagrams of M. hyopneumoniae-infected and control cells are shown. C panel 1: negative control, C panel 2: RM48, C panel 3: XLW-2, C, panel 4: 168 L, C, panel 5: J, C, panel 6: 168, C panel 7: NJ, and C panel 8: LH. C panel 9: comparison of cell viability. Values represent the ratio of mean fluorescence intensity of red fluorescence relative to green fluorescence.