Figure 4

Analysis of cytokines, Toll-like receptors and mucins in IPECs. TsExos (150 μg/mL) were incubated with IPECs for different times, and then, the assays were carried out. A RT‒qPCR and B Western blotting were used to analyse the expression of cytokines produced by IPECs treated with TsExos. C RT‒qPCR and D Western blotting were used to analyse the expression of Toll-like receptors in IPECs incubated with TsExos. E RT‒qPCR and F Western blotting were used to analyse the expression of mucins in the IPECs cultured with TsExos. Assays were performed in triplicate, and the data are expressed as the mean ± SD. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 compared with the IPEC + PBS group.