From: Current knowledge on epidemiology and evolution of novel porcine circovirus 4
Region | Host | Sample | Year | Clinal signs | Positive rate | Co-infections | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hunan | Pigs | Serum, lung, spleen and kidney | 2019 | Respiratory disease, diarrhea, PDNS | 12.8% (24/187) | / | [3] |
Henan | Sow, sucking, weaning, grower, aborted fetuses | Heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, brain, intestine, lymph node, serum | 2012–2020 | Neurological symptom, PDNS, diarrhea, enteritis, PMWS, respiratory symptom, abortion, encephalitis | 45.39% (69/152) | Both PCV2, 3, PRV, PEDV, and PRRSV | [4] |
Inner Mongolia | Healthy sows, nursery and fattening pigs | Serum | 2016–2018 | / | 1.6% (27/1683) | PCV2 or PCV3 | [10] |
Henan and Shanxi | Suckling, weanling pigs, fetuses | Brain, heart, liver, spleen, kidney, lung, lymph nodes, small intestines | 2018–2019 | Respiratory symptom, diarrhea, neurological symptom, PMWS | 25.4% (16/63) | Both PCV2, 3 and PRV; Both PCV2 and PRV | [11] |
Guangxi | Pigs | Serum | 2015–2019 | Respiratory disease, PDNS | 5.1% (13/257) | PCV2 or PCV3; Both PCV2 and PCV3 | [12] |
Anhui | Pig | Lung, spleen, kidney, duodenum | 2019 | Skin diseases | 10.71% (18/168) | PCV2 or PCV3; Both PCV2 and PCV3 | [13] |
Jiangsu | Pig | Lymph node, tonsil, lung, kidney and liver | 2018–2019 | Dead pigs | 3.33% (4/120) | Both PCV1, 2, 3 | [14] |
South Korea | Sow, aborted fetuses, suckling, weaned, growers | Lung, spleen, heart, kidneys | 2019–2020 | Healthy suckling pigs, dead pigs, aborted fetuses | 3.28% (11/335) | / | [15] |
Korea | Pigs | Tissues, serum, oral fluids | 2020–2021 | Diseases pigs | 39.3% (57/145) | / | [16] |
Henan | Pigs | Liver, spleen, kidney, lung, lymph nodes, intestine, serum | 2020–2021 | / | 33.33% (45/133) | PCV2 | [18] |