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Figure 1 | Veterinary Research

Figure 1

From: Organoids in domestic animals: with which stem cells?

Figure 1

Schematic illustration of the various stem cells that could be used to generate 3D organoids, depending on their origin and species. Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) exhibit unique self-renewal and differentiation properties. Derived from embryos or obtained through somatic reprogramming, PSCs have been obtained in model species (human, rodents) and in some domestic birds and mammals. Currently, the PSCs isolated from these mammalian species do not exhibit the same cell plasticity or differentiation properties as those of model and avian species. Multipotent stem cells are usually assimilated to the adult stem cells (ASCs) found in embryonic and adult tissues, such as hematopoietic, intestinal, neural, or dermal stem cells. These cells are presently the major sources for deriving organoids in domestic animals. Among the organoids of interest, we will illustrate in the next chapters of this review those developed for the brain, intestines, liver, lungs, mammary glands, muscles, reproductive system, and skin.

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