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Figure 1 | Veterinary Research

Figure 1

From: Intranasally administered protein coated chitosan nanoparticles encapsulating influenza H9N2 HA2 and M2e mRNA molecules elicit protective immunity against avian influenza viruses in chickens

Figure 1

Schematic illustration of the formulation of chitosan-based vaccine delivering influenza antigens in both protein and mRNA formats. At pH 4.5, chitosan amine groups are positively charged and can form stable interactions with the negatively charged phosphate groups of mRNA molecules. The addition of TPP will help in entrapment of mRNA molecules inside CNPs and as well as the binding of the negatively charged proteins to the surface of the CNPs.

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Veterinary Research

ISSN: 1297-9716