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Table 3 Xenodiagnosis of infected hamsters.

From: Natural transmission of Leishmania infantum through experimentally infected Phlebotomus perniciosus highlights the virulence of Leishmania parasites circulating in the human visceral leishmaniasis outbreak in Madrid, Spain

Hamster code

Leishmania

Transmission route

Time post-infection (months)

Engorged flies (%)a

Dissected flies (%)b

Positive flies (%)c

Parasites in s.v. (%)d

H4.1

JPCM5

IP

6

94/100 (94)

65/94 (69.1)

0

H4.2

JPCM5

IP

6

81/100 (81)

70/81 (86.4)

0

H4.3

JPCM5

IP

6

87/100 (87)

65/87 (74.7)

0

H4.4

JPCM5

IP

6

90/100 (90)

63/90 (70.0)

0

H5.1

POL2FL6

Bite

2

90/100 (90)

66/90 (73.3)

0/66 (0)

   

4

81/100 (81)

73/81 (90.1)

0/73 (0)

   

6

100/100 (100)

87/100 (87.0)

0/87 (0)

H5.2

POL2FL6

Bite

2

82/100 (82)

55/82 (67.1)

0/55 (0)

   

4

81/100 (81)

64/81 (79.0)

0/64 (0)

   

6

99/100 (99)

79/99 (79.8)

0/79 (0)

H5.3

POL2FL6

Bite

2

100/100 (100)

54/100 (54.0)

2/54 (3.7)

2/2 (100%)

   

4

84/100 (84)

72/84 (85.7)

4/72 (5.6)

4/4 (100%)

   

6

93/100 (93)

71/93 (76.3)

5/71 (7.0)

4/5 (80.0%)

H5.4

POL2FL6

Bite

2

87/100 (87)

67/87 (77.0)

1/67 (1.4)

1/1 (100%)

   

4

88/100 (88)

77/88 (87.5)

7/77 (9.1)

7/7 (100%)

   

6

99/100 (99)

81/99 (81.8)

36/81 (44.4)

33/36 (91.7%)

H6.1

POL2FL6

Bite

2

96/100 (96)

67/96 (69.8)

0/67 (0)

   

4

46/100 (46)

39/46 (84.8)

0/39 (0)

   

6

100/100 (100)

86/100 (86.0)

1/86 (1.2)

1/1 (100%)

H6.2

POL2FL6

Bite

2

90/100 (90)

67/90 (74.4)

0/67 (0)

   

4

90/100 (90)

28/90 (31.1)

0/28 (0)

   

6

95/100 (95)

69/95 (68.4)

0/69 (0%)

H6.3

POL2FL6

Bite

2

98/100 (98)

81/98 (82.7)

0/81 (0)

   

4

99/100 (99)

89/99 (89.9)

0/89 (0)

   

6

99/100 (99)

86/99 (86.8)

0/86 (0)

H7.1

POL2FL6

IP

2

92/100 (92)

53/92 (57.6)

4/53 (7.5)

4/4 (100%)

   

4

92/100 (92)

33/92 (35.9)

3/33 (9.1)

2/3 (66.7%)

   

6

100/100 (100)

83/100 (83.0)

21/83 (25.3)

5/21 (23.8%)

H7.2

POL2FL6

IP

2

72/100 (72)

28/72 (38.9)

0/28 (0)

   

4

97/100 (97)

92/97 (94.8)

17/92 (18.5)

9/17 (52.9%)

   

6

89/100 (89)

62/89 (69.7)

13/62 (21.0)

11/13 (84.6%)

H7.3

POL2FL6

IP

2

92/100 (92)

39/92 (42.2)

0/39 (0)

   

4

71/100 (71)

59/71 (83.1)

4/59 (6.8)

3/4 (75.0%)

   

6

91/100 (91)

81/91 (89.0)

23/81 (28.4)

19/23 (82.6%)

H7.4

POL2FL6

IP

6

96/100 (96)

72/96 (75.0)

3/72 (4.2)

0 (0%)

H8.1

BOS1FL1

IP

6

94/100 (94)

93/94 (98.9)

11/93 (11.8)

5/11 (45.5%)

H8.2

BOS1FL1

IP

6

97/100 (97)

83/97 (85.6)

15/83 (18.1)

6/15 (40.0%)

  1. Metacyclic promastigotes were observed in s. v. of all sand flies examined
  2. aBlood-fed sand flies/exposed sand flies ×100
  3. bDissected sand flies/total fed flies ×100
  4. c Leishmania positive sand flies/dissected sand flies ×100
  5. dMaturity of infection is estimated as the percentage of sand flies with promastigotes in the stomodeal valve (s. v.)