Figure 5

Glutamine starvation increases the level of p38 MAPK phosphorylation. After 24 h of PCV2 infection, the complete medium was removed, and fresh medium with various concentrations of glutamine was added for an additional 48 h of incubation. The protein levels of p38 phosphorylation were measured by Western blot. Values are shown as mean ± SD from three independent experiments. Asterisks indicate groups statistically significantly different from control by a 1-way ANOVA followed by a least-significant difference test (**P < 0.01).