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Table 3 Results of PCR, histology and IHC in tissues of foetuses/lambs and relationship with maternal serostatus

From: Neospora caninum infection as a cause of reproductive failure in a sheep flock

Sample1

Year

Maternal serostatus

Results obtained in tissues from foetuses/lambs4

PCR

Histology5

IHC6

N. caninum

T. gondii

N. caninum

T. gondii

N. caninumPP2

T. gondiititre3

Brain

Liver

Heart

Lung

Brain

Brain lesions

Brain

Brain

1

2011

72.5

< 16

2/2

na

na

na

-

na

na

na

2

2011

86.3

32

2/2

-

1/2

-

-

na

na

na

3

2012

89.9

< 16

2/2

-

-

-

-

na

na

na

4$

2012

44.0

< 16

3/3

1/3

-

-

-

**

+

-

5

2011

65.1

< 16

2/2

2/2

2/2

-

-

na

na

na

6

2011

65.1

< 16

2/2

2/2

2/2

-

-

na

na

na

7#

2011

79.3

< 16

2/2

na

na

na

-

na

na

na

8

2011

0.0

< 16

-

nd

nd

nd

-

na

na

na

9

2011

52.0

< 16

2/2

-

-

-

-

na

na

na

10

2011

94.1

32

-

nd

nd

nd

-

na

na

na

11

2011

94.1

32

1/2

-

-

-

-

na

na

na

12

2011

82.1

< 16

3/3

-

-

-

-

-

+

-

13

2011

0.0

< 16

-

nd

nd

nd

-

*

-

-

14

2012

1.4

< 16

-

nd

nd

nd

-

Unrelated

-

-

15

2012

28.1

16

3/3

na

na

na

-

na

na

na

16a

2012

0.0

16

-

nd

nd

nd

-

na

na

na

17a

2012

0.0

< 16

-

nd

nd

nd

-

na

na

na

18b

2012

0.0

< 16

-

nd

nd

nd

-

*

-

-

19b

2012

0.0

< 16

-

nd

nd

nd

-

-

-

-

20

2012

64.6

< 16

3/3

na

na

na

-

*

+

-

21

2012

98.9

< 16

3/3

2/3

3/3

1/3

-

**

+

-

  1. 11-4: aborted foetus; 5–19: stillborn; 20–21: newborn with neurological disorders; $: In this sample, parasite was also detected in placenta, by PCR and IHC; #All organs were analyzed for the presence of bacteria and viruses causing ovine abortions, and the results were negative; a,b: lambs indicated by the same superscript letter were twins; 2Positivity Percentage (PP) as determined by ELISA (cut off ≥ 7.0%); 3Titre determined by agglutination (cut off ≥ 1:64);
  2. 4Fractions represent the number of positive tissue samples/total number of samples checked by PCR; (−): negative results; na: samples were not available or suitable for analysis; nd: not determined when the target organ (brain) was negative by PCR; 5Histological features were classified according to previous descriptions [21] as unrelated, consistent (*) or characteristic (**) lesions of protozoan infection.