Skip to main content
Figure 3 | Veterinary Research

Figure 3

From: Mechanisms underlying Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae exotoxin ApxI induced expression of IL-1β, IL-8 and TNF-α in porcine alveolar macrophages

Figure 3

Protein levels of proinflammatory cytokines secreted from PAMs treated with ApxI. PAMs were stimulated with 1 CU/mL of ApxI, heat-inactivated ApxI (Δ), or control medium (C) for 4 h. Subsequently, culture supernatants were collected and the protein levels of IL-1β (A), IL-8 (B), TNF-α (C) and IL-6 (D) determined by ELISA. The results are the average of three independent experiments of triplicate determinations. **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001; n.s.: no significant difference from each other.

Back to article page