Figure 5

Selection of immunomodulatory lactobacilli. Porcine intestinal epithelial (PIE) cells were pre-treated with lactobacilli for 48 h, stimulated with poly(I:C) and then the expression of IFN-β was studied at different times post-stimulation. IFN-β mRNA levels was calibrated by the swine β-actin level, and normalized by common logarithmic transformation in comparison to the IFN-β mRNA level in the poly(I:C) (as 1.00). Values represent means and error bars indicate the standard deviations. The results are means of 3 measures repeated 3 times with independent experiments. The mean differences among different superscripts were significant at the 5% level.