Figure 4

Expression of cytokines in porcine intestinal epithelial (PIE) cells and immune cells. (A) Monocultures of PIE cells were stimulated with poly(I:C) and the expression of IFN-α, IFN-β, IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1 and TNF-α was studied at the indicated times post stimulation. (B) Co-cultures of PIE cells and ileal PP immune cells were stimulated with poly(I:C) and the expression of IFN-α, IFN-β, IFN-γ, IL-12p40, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-10 and TGF-β was studied in immune cells at the times indicated post stimulation. Cytokine mRNA levels were calibrated by the swine β-actin level and normalized by common logarithmic transformation. Values represent means and error bars indicate the standard deviations. The results are means of 3 measures repeated 4 times with independent experiments. The mean differences among different superscripts were significant at the 5% level.