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Figure 4 | Veterinary Research

Figure 4

From: Occludin and collagen IV degradation mediated by the T9SS effector SspA contributes to blood–brain barrier damage in ducks during Riemerella anatipestifer infection

Figure 4

SspA increases inflammatory factor expression in the brain. The mRNA expression of inflammatory factors was measured by qPCR, and relative expression was calculated using the 2−ΔΔCt method. Duck β-actin was used as a normalization control. The mRNA levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-17A, IL-17RA, CCL3, CCL4, CCL5, CCR5, CX3CL1, CX3CL1, and CX3CR1 were significantly lower in the animals infected with the SspA deletion mutant strain Yb2ΔsspA than in the animals infected with the wild-type strain Yb2. The data are presented as the means ± standard deviations of three animals from triplicate experiments. Statistical significance was assessed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The asterisks indicate the level of statistical significance (*, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001; ****, p < 0.0001).

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Veterinary Research

ISSN: 1297-9716