Figure 3

STING agonist DMXAA directly induces trained immunity. WT PM were trained with DMXAA or HKCA for 24 h and rested for 5 days. WT PM were restimulated with LPS or C. perfringens at an MOI of 5 for the indicated times. A Flow chart of in vitro trained immunity experimental procedure. B, C TNF-α and IL-6 production were measured in the supernatants of mouse PM response to LPS stimulation according to A. D, E Phagocytosis and intracellular killing of C. perfringens was detected by CFU enumeration. Data are shown as mean ± SEM. Data were pooled from 3 independent experiments. Statistical significance is indicated by *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001.