Figure 2

Effect of NDV-induced autophagy on the transcription of inflammatory cytokines. A The mRNA transcription levels of IL-1β, IL-8, IL-18, CCL-5, and TNF-α after autophagy inhibitors treatment. B and C The mRNA transcription levels of IL-1β, IL-8, IL-18, CCL-5, TNF-α, ATG16L1 and ATG7 after ATG16L1 or ATG7-specific siRNAs treatment. D The mRNA transcription levels of IL-1β, IL-8, IL-18, CCL-5, and TNF-α after autophagy promoter treatment. E The mRNA transcription levels of IL-1β, IL-8, IL-18, CCL-5, and TNF-α after starvation treatment. Similar results were obtained from three independent experiments. Data were expressed as mean ± SD. ^*P ≤ 0.05; ^**P ≤ 0.01; ^***P ≤ 0.001. NDV: Newcastle disease virus, CQ: chloroquine, 3-MA: 3-Methyladenine, ATG16L1: autophagy-related protein 16 like protein 1, MOI: Multiplicity of infection.