Figure 4

A, B General overview of gene expression analysis of markers for gastric acid secretion in the fundic (A) and pyloric (B) gland zone of H. suis -infected pigs of different ages. The data are presented as fold changes in gene expression normalized to 3 reference genes and relative to a H. suis-negative control group which is considered as 1. The fold changes are shown as means with the standard error of the mean. The average fold change of gastrin in the pyloric gland zone of 6–8 months old pigs is not shown, since these values were too high (231.97 ± 64.63). Statistical differences were calculated using the non-parametric Kruskal–Wallis H test. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.001 significant differences between the H. suis-positive pigs and H. suis-negative pigs.