Figure 1From: Attenuation of the virulence of a recombinant influenza virus expressing the naturally truncated NS gene from an H3N8 equine influenza virus in mice Western blot analysis, growth kinetics, and plaque phenotyping of the recombinant viruses. Immunoblot of the NS1 protein in extracts from MDCK cells infected with PR/8, PR/8 × KYGNS, and PR/8 × MINS viruses at an MOI of 1 for 12 h (A). The protein was detected using a mouse anti-NS1 primary antibody, and the molecular weight in kDa is shown on the left of the membrane. MDCK (B) and A549 (C) cells were infected with the PR/8, PR/8 × KYGNS, or PR/8 × MINS virus at an MOI of 0.01, and the virus was titrated in the supernatant that was collected at the indicated time points. The detection limit was 1 log10 TCID50/mL (dotted line). Data are shown as the mean ± standard deviation from three independent experiments. Plaque assay performed with PR/8, PR/8 × KYGNS, and PR/8 × MINS viruses (D). The tissue culture plates infected with the viruses were fixed and stained with crystal violet dye.Back to article page